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2.How are the powers of government distributed between the federal government and the state governments?
The government of the United States is can deal with the people of the country directly, not just indirectly through the states. This is certain powers such as the powers to make war and deal with other nations are granted exclusively to the national government and are denies to the states. Still others such as law enforcement and taxing powers overlap and can be exercised by both the national and state governments.

3.What are the three branches of the national government?
The national government features a separation of powers. Its executive branch, its legislative branch, and its judicial branch exercise powers that are largely separate and distinct.

4.What is the system of "checks and balances"? How is it exercised?
The separation and the overlapping of powers are called checks and balances. It is a presidential check on the power of Congress. If in disagreement with a bill passed by Congress, the President can veto it. In that case, the bill cannot become law unless it is again passed by both houses of Congress, but this time it must be passed by a two-thirds vote of both the House of Representatives and Senate to become law.

5.In what way does the legislature exercise a check on the executive branch?
Within Congress, itself, each house checks the power of the other because it takes the agreement of both houses to make a law. The judiciary checks the powers of the executive and legislative branches through its authority to interpret the law and the Constitution and to issue orders binding on the other branches.

6.What limits the powers of the national and state governments?
The national governments power is not limited by states power. The only powers the states have are those the Federal government has not reserved for itself. But in a dispute the Federal government can and will use military force if necessary.

7.What is known as the Bill of Rights?
During the debates on the adoption of the Constitution, its opponents repeatedly charged that the Constitution as drafted would open the way to tyranny by the central government. Fresh in their minds was the memory of the British violation of civil rights before and during the Revolution. They demanded a "bill of rights" that would spell out the immunities of individual citizens. Several state conventions in their formal ratification of the Constitution asked for such amendments; others ratified the Constitution with the understanding that the amendments would be offered. On September 25, 1789, the First Congress of the United States therefore proposed to the state legislatures 12 amendments to the Constitution that met arguments most frequently advanced against it. The first two proposed amendments, which concerned the number of constituents for each Representative and the compensation of Congressmen, were not ratified. Articles 3 to 12, however, ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures, constitute the first 10 amendments of the Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights.