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1. Silk spreading

2. Immortal tradition

3. Miraculous process

4. Unexpected discovery

5. Tireless creatures

6. Modern technology

7. Stolen secret

8. Variety of purposes


THE MIRACLE OF SILK

A. The world itself is beautiful. The story of silk starts in China over 4000 years ago. One legend says a silkworm’s cocoon fell into the teacup of Empress His LingShih. When a cocoon was in her cup and then opened into a single, unbroken thread of silk fiber. This was an important discovery. The Chinese learned they could use the cocoons to make cloth that was both beautiful to look at and soft to touch.

B. Making silk was a protected secret in China for 2 500 years kept by * the royal families. In other countries, silk was very rare and valuable. Often it was worth more than gold. Legend tells us that the secret finally got out when a princess left China to get married in India. In her hair she hid some silkworm caterpillars and mulberry seeds for their food.

C. By the year 1 A.D., silk was sold as far west as Roma, and all along the Silk Road, which connected China with places in the Middle East and the Mediterranean. Eventually, around the year 300, silk also travelled from China to Japan. Silk helped to adjust trade between many countries along its way.

D. Nowadays people around the world still make many beautiful things from silk. But silk isn’t only beautiful. It looks delicate, but it’s actually very strong. For example, it has been used to make bicycle tires. And some doctors even use silk threads in hospital operations. Silk is also lightweight and warm. This makes it great for clothes like winter jackets, pants and boots.

E. All of this from a little insect — silkworm. That is the miracle of silk. Silk comes from silkworms, which aren’t really worms. They are caterpillars. To become a moth, a silkworm first produces a long fiber from its mouth. It uses this to make a cocoon. We then weave threads from the cocoons to make cloth. The process of weaving silk is very slow and the machines must be watched all the time. It takes around two and a half hours to make one meter of silk material.

F. For example, in the Vietnamese town of Vong Nguyet, silk making has been an important business for 1,200 years. Many of the village people keep silkworms in their living rooms. Each basket contains hundreds of silkworm caterpillars. Taking care of these caterpillars is hard work. The caterpillars have to eat every two hours during the day and every three hours throughout the night. They eat only mulberry leaves.

G. The silk farmers cannot allow the caterpillar to become an adult moth. If it did, it would eat its way out, and the silk would be broken. The cocoons must be brought to the spinning house before the cycle is complete. Despite the invention of cheaper materials, natural silk is still loved for its beauty and comfort. This amazing product of man and moth continues to be extremely popular around the world.