1. when did Wililiam the Conqueror come to England from Normandy???

1. The Norman conquest of England began in 1066 AD with the invasion of the Kingdom of England by the troops of William, Duke of Normandy ("William the Conqueror"), and his victory at the Battle of Hastings

The tower's primary function was a fortress, a royal palace, and a prison (particularly for high status and royal prisoners, such as the Princes in the Tower and the future Queen Elizabeth I). This last use has led to the phrase "sent to the Tower" (meaning "imprisoned"). It has also served as a place of execution and torture, an armoury, a treasury, a zoo, the Royal Mint, a public records office, an observatory, and since 1303, the home of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom.

2. The Great Fire started at the bakery of Thomas Farriner (or Farynor) on Pudding Lane, shortly after midnight on Sunday, 2 September, and it spread rapidly west across the City of London. The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of the English city of London, from Sunday, 2 September to Wednesday, 5 September 1666

3. The fire started in a baker’s shop owned by Thomas Farriner – who was the king’s baker His maid failed to put out the ovens at the end of the night. The heat created by the ovens caused sparks to ignite the wooden home of Farriner. In her panic, the maid tried to climb out of the building but failed. She was one of the few victims of the fire

4. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain)

5. Great Britain means the geographical area made up of England, Scotland and Wales.
The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

6. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has four main parts: England,
Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London
Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast

7. Straight of Dover

8. Many people think that 'English' is the same as 'British'. It is not! People who are English are from the country of England. On the other hand, British people are people who live in Great Britain (Britain) and the UK.
9. The Union Jack in the upper left quadrant of the Australian flag is an historical reminder that Australia was settled by the British. It represents Australia's relationship with Britain as a member of the Commonwealth and also as the parent nation. The Union Jack is a combination of the flags of the United Kingdom - England (St. George's cross), Scotland (St. Andrew's cross) and Ireland (St. Patrick's cross).
10. The Commonwealth of Nations, normally referred to as the Commonwealth and previously as the British Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of fifty-four independent member states, all but two of which were formerly part of the British Empire
11. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy: Queen Elizabeth II is head of state of the UK as well as of fifteen other Commonwealth countries, putting the UK in a personal union with those other states. The position of Prime Minister, the UK's head of government, belongs to the Member of Parliament who can obtain the confidence of a majority in the House of Commons, usually the current leader of the largest political party in that chamber. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are formally appointed by the Monarch to form
12. UK Parliament. One of Parliament's main roles is debating and passing laws.