e.g. [i͟ː ʤi͟ː] от exempli gratia ; ; "ради примера" например [i͟ː ʤi͟ː] e.g. is an abbreviation that means for example. It is used before a noun, or to introduce another sentence. We need helpers of all types, engineers, scientists (e.g. geologists) and teachers... Or consider how you can acquire these skills, e.g. by taking extra courses.
i.e. от id est; то есть i.e. that is to say (used to add explanatory information or to state something in different words) a walking boot which is synthetic, i.e. not leather [a͟ɪ i͟ː] i.e. is used to introduce a word or sentence which makes what you have just said clearer or gives details. ..strategic points - i.e. airports or military bases.
etc ; ; от etcetera 2. etc [et se̱trə] etc. и так далее (The spelling etc. is also used, especially in American English.) etc is used at the end of a list to indicate that you have mentioned only some of the items involved and have not given a full list. etc is a written abbreviation for `et cetera'. She knew all about my schoolwork, my hospital work etc. ..a packed programme of events - shows, dances, coach tours, sports, etc.