Ответить на вопросы по тексту

Abraham Maslow is known for establishing the theory of a hierarchy of needs. He wrote that human beings are motivated by unsatisfied
needs, and that certain lower needs need to be satisfied before higher
needs can be satisfied. Maslow studied exemplary people such as Albert
Einstein, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Frederick Douglas rather than mentally ill or neurotic people. This was a radical difference from two of the
major schools of psychology of his days: S. Freud's and B.F Skinner's.
According to Maslow, there are general types of needs (physiological, safety, love, and esteem) that must be satisfied before a person can
act not selfishly, He called these needs "deficiency needs." As long as we
are motivated to satisfy these cravings, we are moving towards growth,
toward self-actualization. Satisfying needs is healthy, blocking gratification makes us sick or evil.
Physiological needs are the very basic needs such as air, water, food,
sleep, sex, etc. When these are not satisfied we may feel sickness, irritation, pain, discomfort, etc. Once they are satisfied, we may think about
other things.
Safety needs have to do with establishing stability and consistency in a chaotic world. These needs are mostly psychological in nature. We need the security of a home and family. However, if a family is dysfunctional, i.e., an abusive husband, the wife cannot move to the next level because she has problems with safety.
Love is the next on the ladder. Humans have a desire to belong to
groups: clubs, work groups, religious groups, family, gangs, etc. We need to feel loved (non-sexual) by others, to be accepted by others. Performers appreciate applause. We need to be needed.
There are two types of esteem needs. First is self-esteem which re-
sults from competence or mastery of a task. Second, there's the attention and recognition that comes from others. This is similar to the
belongingness level; however, wanting admiration has to do with the
need for power. People who have all of their lower needs satisfied, often
drive very expensive cars because doing so raises their level of esteem.
The need for self-actualization is "the desire to become more and
more what one is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming." People who have everything can maximize their potential. They
can seek knowledge, peace, esthetic experiences, self-fulfillment, etc.

Questions to the text.
1. What is Abraham Maslow known for?
2. What motivated human beings according to Maslow?
3. What kind of people did Maslow study in order to develop his theory?
4. What needs does a person need to satisfy before a person can act
unselfishly?
5. When are we moving towards self-actualization?
6. What are the very basic needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
7. What needs are mostly psychological in nature?
8. What are the two kind of esteem needs?
9. What is the need for self-actualization?