Контрольная по английскому 9 класс

II. Reading comprehension
Read the text about the history of popular music. Mark statements 1 – 10 true (T) or false (F)!
African American Music
African American music has a rich history, which came from slaves who were shipped from West Africa from the 1600s. In its basic form, it was a simple rhythm beaten out on drums and other percussion (ударный) instruments.
One of the most widespread early forms of music for southern African Americans was spiritual. It began in the 18th century and existed during the 1860s. Spiritual expressed the slaves' wish for freedom. Some songs, such as the well-known "Wade (Переход вброд) in the Water", contained even instructions for escaping to North America.
In the 1870s, a new type of music arose from marches and social dances. It was called ragtime. Scott Joplin's (1868 - 1917) "Maple Leaf Rag" was a phenomenal success. Ragtime marked a departure from sentimental spirituals. It was at its height from 1890 to 1920 and lead to jazz.
But before jazz blues came. It began in the South during the slavery era and was spread by means of bluesmen who wandered the country. It was closely linked with spirituals. Blues became a basis for most American musical forms. Its types were classical, country and Chicago blues. Robert Johnson (1911-1938) is widely regarded as the father of classical blues. In the 1960s, Chicago blues gave way to other musical forms such as Motown, rhythm and blues (R&B), and soul and funk. The early forms of R&B were loud and lively and mostly played on drums, a double bass, and an electric guitar. Singers were men or women with big voices, and audiences loved it. The style quickly spread throughout the country, with larger bands adding a piano, a trumpet, and a saxophone. R&B was great fun and perfect for dancing. As to funk music, it was dance music, too, which emphasized rhythm. On the contrary, soul expressed strong emotions.
Jazz is called America's classical music. The term "jazz" had been widely in use by 1918. One important part of jazz is improvisation, which means a musician makes music up while playing. There are various forms of jazz, such as New Orleans style, avant-garde, soul and fusion, and new jazz swing. There is also bebop, a revolutionary style performed by a smaller ensemble than the classic big band set-up. The trumpeter and singer Louis Armstrong (1900-1971) was the most famous jazz musician and the first to achieve international recognition with West End blues in the 1920s.
In the 1930s gospel (religious) music came. Its features were vocal embellishment (приукрашивание) and dramatic power. In the 1980s, rap exploded into the mainstream and developed into numerous styles. Some of its biggest stars came from street. It combined urban storytelling and beat-driven technological music. This music style was accompanied by a montage of well-known recordings, usually disco or funk. Famous rappers include Run D.M.C, Snoop Dogg and Queen Latifah.
African American music has influenced many modern musical styles. For example Chuck Berry (1926-2017) and Little Richard (born in 1932) transformed urban blues into what we know as rock’n’roll.
1. African American music originates in slaves from West Africa.
2. Spiritual songs consisted of instructions for slaves how to escape to native Africa.
3. Ragtime was not a sentimental kind of music.
4. Jazz came into being on the basis of ragtime.
5. Scott Joplin was the father of blues.
6. In spite of its sadness, blues gave rise to some types of dance
7. Blues is called American classical music.
8. Raps were spoken to dance music.
9. After spiritual no other religious music came into existence.
10. Jazz is the freest music style.